Depression

Major Depression occurs when feelings of extreme sadness or despair last for at least two weeks or longer and when they interfere with daily living such as social and working activities, sleeping, appetite, and energy.  Depressed individuals tend to feel helpless and hopeless and some may have thoughts of death or suicide.

Symptoms of depression include:

• Diminished ability to enjoy oneself

• Loss of energy and interest

• Difficulty concentrating, indecisiveness, slowed or fuzzy thinking

• Feelings of worthlessness or inappropriate guilt

• Decreased or increased sleep and/or appetite

• Withdrawal from friends and family

• Recurring thoughts of death

Three other forms of depression: 

Post-Partum Depression is linked to hormonal changes following the birth of a child.  This can be a serious form of depression, sometimes with psychotic features, but most sufferers respond well to treatment.

Seasonal Affective Disorder or SAD is found among those who are sensitive to the shorter days or winter, especially those who live at northern latitudes.

Dysthymia is another common form of depressive disorder.  This involves having chronic, long-lasting symptoms of depression, that occur more days than not, for at least a period of two years.  The symptoms are not as severe as in Major Depression, but prevent a person from functioning at top capacity or from feeling good. 

Symptoms of dysthymia include:

• Poor appetite or overeating

• Lack of sleep or oversleeping

• Low self-esteem

• Poor concentration or difficulty making decision

• Feelings of hopelessness

• Fatigue or low energy

American Psychological Association:  Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition-TR.  Washington D.C., 2000.